{"id":237,"date":"2023-12-31T18:46:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T18:46:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/?page_id=237"},"modified":"2025-04-21T14:45:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T14:45:58","slug":"chap05","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/second-edition\/toc2e\/chap05\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 5 \u2013 Machine learning"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"embedurl\" data-url=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/chaps\/chap05.html\" ><!--  Chapter 5 Machine Learning  -->\n\n<script>\nvar chapnos = 5;\nvar json_url = \"https:\\\/\\\/alandix.com\\\/books\\\/aibook\\\/content\\\/chaps\\\/chap05.json\";\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n\n\t<object style=\"width:100%; aspect-ratio: 10 \/ 7;\" type=\"application\/pdf\" data=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/slides-pdf\/AI-chap-05.pdf\"><\/object>\n\t<p> Download <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/slides-pptx\/AI-chap-05.pptx\" download>chapter slides<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<h3> Contents <\/h3>\n<div class=\"toc\">\n<dl>\n<dt>5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Overview<\/dt>\n<dt>5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Why Do We Want Machine Learning?<\/dt>\n<dt>5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;How Machines Learn<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>5.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Phases of Machine Learning<\/dt>\n<dt>5.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Rote Learning and the Importance of Generalisation<\/dt>\n<dt>5.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Inputs to Training<\/dt>\n<dt>5.3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Outputs of Training<\/dt>\n<dt>5.3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;The Training Process<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Deductive Learning<\/dt>\n<dt>5.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Inductive Learning<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>5.5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Version Spaces<\/dt>\n<dt>5.5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Decision Trees<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>5.5.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Building a Binary Tree<\/dt>\n<dt>5.5.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;More Complex Trees<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>5.5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Rule Induction and Credit Assignment<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>5.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Explanation-Based Learning<\/dt>\n<dt>5.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Example: Query-by-Browsing<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>5.7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;What the User Sees<\/dt>\n<dt>5.7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;How It Works<\/dt>\n<dt>5.7.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Problems<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>5.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Summary<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/div>\n\n\n<h3> Glossary items referenced in this chapter <\/h3>\n<div class=\"toc\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/abductive%20reasoning\">abductive reasoning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/application%20phase\">application phase<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/bias\">bias<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/branch%20and%20bound%20search\">branch and bound search<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/c4.5\">C4.5<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/case-based%20reasoning\">case-based reasoning<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/clustering\">clustering<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/computer%20chess\">computer chess<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/concept%20learning\">concept learning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/contingency%20table\">contingency table<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/credit%20assignment\">credit assignment<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/database\">database<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/decision%20table\">decision table<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/decision%20tree\">decision tree<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/deductive%20learning\">deductive learning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/deductive%20reasoning\">deductive reasoning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/domain-independent%20knowledge\">domain-independent knowledge<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/entropy\">entropy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/expert%20system\">expert system<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/explanation-based%20learning\">explanation-based learning<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/genetic%20algorithm\">genetic algorithm<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/id3\">ID3<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/inductive%20learning\">inductive learning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/inductive%20reasoning\">inductive reasoning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/knowledge%20elicitation\">knowledge elicitation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/lex\">Lex<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/memorising\">memorising<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/occam%27s%20razor\">Occam&#039;s razor<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/overfitting\">overfitting<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/pole%20balancing\">pole balancing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/predicate%20logic\">predicate logic<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/pruning\">pruning<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/query-by-browsing\">Query-by-Browsing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/random%20forest\">random forest<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/reasoning%20by%20analogy\">reasoning by analogy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/regret\">regret<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/relational%20database\">relational database<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/robotics\">robotics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/rote%20learning\">rote learning<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/rule%20induction\">rule induction<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/salience\">salience<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/search\">search<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/self-organising%20map\">self-organising map<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/semantic%20network\">semantic network<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/soar\">SOAR<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/supervised%20learning\">supervised learning<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/training%20phase\">training phase<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/unsupervised%20learning\">unsupervised learning<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/validation%20phase\">validation phase<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/version-space%20algorithm\">version-space algorithm<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":221,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-237","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=237"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":343,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/237\/revisions\/343"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}