{"id":266,"date":"2023-12-31T19:05:46","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T19:05:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/?page_id=266"},"modified":"2023-12-31T19:05:46","modified_gmt":"2023-12-31T19:05:46","slug":"chap19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/second-edition\/toc2e\/chap19\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 19 \u2013 AI working with and for humans"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"embedurl\" data-url=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/chaps\/chap19.html\" ><!--  Chapter 19 AI Working with and for Humans  -->\n\n<script>\nvar chapnos = 19;\nvar json_url = \"https:\\\/\\\/alandix.com\\\/books\\\/aibook\\\/content\\\/chaps\\\/chap19.json\";\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n\n\t<object style=\"width:100%; aspect-ratio: 10 \/ 7;\" type=\"application\/pdf\" data=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/slides-pdf\/AI-chap-19.pdf\"><\/object>\n\t<p> Download <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/books\/aibook\/content\/slides-pptx\/AI-chap-19.pptx\" download>chapter slides<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<h3> Contents <\/h3>\n<div class=\"toc\">\n<dl>\n<dt>19.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Overview<\/dt>\n<dt>19.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction<\/dt>\n<dt>19.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Levels and Types of Human Contact<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>19.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Social Scale<\/dt>\n<dt>19.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Visibility and Embodiment<\/dt>\n<dt>19.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Intentionality<\/dt>\n<dt>19.3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Who Is in Control<\/dt>\n<dt>19.3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Levels of Automation<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>19.4&nbsp;&nbsp;On a Device -- Intelligent User Interfaces<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>19.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Low-level Input<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Conversational User Interfaces<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Predicting What Next<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Finding and Managing Information<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Helping with Tasks<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Adaptation and Personalisation<\/dt>\n<dt>19.4.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Going Small<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>19.5&nbsp;&nbsp;In the World -- Smart Environments<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>19.5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Configuration<\/dt>\n<dt>19.5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Sensor Fusion<\/dt>\n<dt>19.5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Context and Activity<\/dt>\n<dt>19.5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Designing for Uncertainty in Sensor-rich Smart Environments<\/dt>\n<dt>19.5.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Dealing with Hiddenness -- A Central Heating Controller<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>19.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Designing for AI--Human Interaction<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>19.6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Appropriate Intelligence -- Soft Failure<\/dt>\n<dt>19.6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Feedback -- Error Detection and Repair<\/dt>\n<dt>19.6.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Decisions and Suggestions<\/dt>\n<dt>19.6.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Case Study: onCue -- Appropriate Intelligence by Design<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>19.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Towards Human--Machine Synergy<\/dt><dd><dl>\n<dt>19.7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Tuning AI Algorithms for Interaction<\/dt>\n<dt>19.7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Tuning Interaction for AI<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/dd>\n<dt>19.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Summary<\/dt>\n<\/dl><\/div>\n\n\n<h3> Glossary items referenced in this chapter <\/h3>\n<div class=\"toc\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/accuracy\">accuracy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/activity%20recognition\">activity recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/agents%21embodied\">agents!embodied<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/algorithmic%20accountability\">algorithmic accountability<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/appropriate%20intelligence\">appropriate intelligence<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/appropriation\">appropriation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/auto-complete\">auto-complete<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/automated%20decision\">automated decision<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/autonomous%20car\">autonomous car<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/base%20rate\">base rate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/bayes%20theorem\">Bayes Theorem<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/boundary%20objects\">boundary objects<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/camera%21frame\">camera!frame<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/chatbot\">chatbot<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/chatgpt\">ChatGPT<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/classification\">classification<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/clippy\">Clippy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/computer%20vision\">computer vision<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/confidence\">confidence<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/confidence%20in%20output\">confidence in output<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/confidence%20measures\">confidence measures<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/confusion%20matrix\">confusion matrix<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/conservative%20warnings\">conservative warnings<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/context%20of%20human%20activity\">context of human activity<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/context-aware%20interaction\">context-aware interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/convolutional%20neural%20network\">convolutional neural network<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/data%20detector\">data detector<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/decision%20tree\">decision tree<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/decision%20tree%20in%20ivr\">decision tree in IVR<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/deep%20neural%20network\">deep neural network<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/deterministic%20ground\">deterministic ground<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/dot-com%20period\">dot-com period<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/dynamic%20function%20allocation\">dynamic function allocation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/eager\">EAGER<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/echo%20chambers\">echo chambers<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/eliza\">ELIZA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/emergent%20behaviour\">emergent behaviour<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/epistemic%20interaction\">epistemic interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/expert%20system\">expert system<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/explainable%20ai\">explainable AI<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/explicit%20confirmation\">explicit confirmation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/false%20negative\">false negative<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/false%20positive\">false positive<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/feature%20interaction\">feature interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/fourier%20analysis\">Fourier analysis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/function%20allocation\">function allocation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/gesture%20recognition\">gesture recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/gig%20economy\">gig economy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/gpt-3\">GPT-3<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/handwriting%20recognition\">handwriting recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/heuristic%20evaluation%20function\">heuristic evaluation function<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/hick%27s%20law\">Hick&#039;s law<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/home%20automation\">home automation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/human-computer%20interaction\">Human&amp;nbsp;Computer Interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/human-in-the-loop\">human-in-the-loop<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/hybrid%20ai\">hybrid AI<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/hypertext\">hypertext<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/implicit%20feedback\">implicit feedback<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/implicit%20interaction\">implicit interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/incidental%20interaction\">incidental interaction<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/industrial%20robotics\">industrial robotics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/intelligent%20user%20interfaces\">intelligent user interfaces<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/intentionality\">intentionality<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/interactive%20voice%20response\">interactive voice response<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/internet%20of%20things\">internet of things<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/interpretation%20of%20user%20actions\">interpretation of user actions<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/liberal%20suggestions\">liberal suggestions<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/machine%20learning\">machine learning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/modal%20user%20interface\">modal user interface<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/multimodal%20interfaces\">multimodal interfaces<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/named%20entity%20recognition\">named entity recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/natural%20language%20processing\">natural language processing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/neural%20network\">neural network<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/oncue\">onCue<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/optimal\">optimal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/optimal%20route\">optimal route<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/pattern%20matching\">pattern matching<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/pattern%20recognition\">pattern recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/pen-based%20systems\">pen-based systems<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/personal%20information%20management\">personal information management<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/phone%20slave\">Phone Slave<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/privacy\">privacy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/probability\">probability<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/probability%20estimate\">probability estimate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/programming-by-demonstration\">programming-by-demonstration<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/query-by-browsing\">Query-by-Browsing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/recaptcha\">reCAPTCHA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/recommender%20systems\">recommender systems<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/redundancy\">redundancy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/relevance%20feedback\">relevance feedback<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/responsibility\">responsibility<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/robotics\">robotics<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/roc\">ROC<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/sample%20rate\">sample rate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/search%20engine\">search engine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/search%20terms\">search terms<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/semantic%20desktop\">semantic desktop<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/semantic%20web\">semantic web<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/semi-autonomous%20car\">semi-autonomous car<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/sensor%20fusion\">sensor fusion<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/sensor%20redundancy\">sensor redundancy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/signal%20processing\">signal processing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/smart%20dust\">smart dust<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/social%20media\">social media<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/speech%20recognition\">speech recognition<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/statistical%20techniques\">statistical techniques<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/synergistic%20interaction\">synergistic interaction<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/threshold\">threshold<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/transfer%20learning\">transfer learning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/transformer%20model\">transformer model<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/transparency\">transparency<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/transpose\">transpose<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/trigger\">trigger<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/uncertainty\">uncertainty<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/uncertainty%20of%20sensors\">uncertainty of sensors<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/user%20interface\">user interface<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/alandix.com\/glossary\/aibook\/voice%20assistants\">voice assistants<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":221,"menu_order":19,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-266","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=266"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/266\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":309,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/266\/revisions\/309"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alandix.com\/aibook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}