DENDRAL was an early expert system, developed initially in the 1960s, that used domain specific knowledge about chemical structure in order to work alongside chemists to create new scientifc results. In some ways this can be seen as a precursor to current scientific discovery systems such as AlphaFold.
Used in Chap. 18: page 296
Links:
Encyclopedia Britanica:
DENDRAL expert system
doi.org:
article: DENDRAL: A case study of the first expert system for scientific hypothesis formation
Wikipedia:
Dendral