GALA, river, rising on Moorfoot Hills, in Edinburghshire, and running about 20 miles south-south-eastward, along a winding vale, to the Tweed, at 2 miles west of Melrose, in Roxburghshire. Gala House stands adjacent to it in southern vicinity of Galashiels.
GALASHIELS, town and parish in Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire. The town stands on Gala river, 32 miles south-south-east of Edinburgh ; was developed in latter part of last century from an ancient village ; became a town, and rapidly prospered, in connection with skilful manufacture of tweeds and tartans ; is now a parliamentary burgb, uniting with Hawick and Selkirk in sending a member to Parliament ; com-prises compact centre and straggling extremities ; extends between flanking hills to a length of about 2 miles ; publishes a weekly newspaper; and has a head post office with all departments, a railway station, 5 banking offices, 2 chief hotels, numerous large factories, a corn exchange of 1860, a commodious bridge of 1878, waterworks of 1877 and later years at a cost of 40,000, a large public hall, volunteer, masonic, and good templar halls, an Established church of 1881 at a cost of about 13,000, 2 other Established churches, 2 Free churches, 1 of them of 1875 at a cost of about 5000, 3 United Presbyterian churches, 2 of them since 1879 at much cost, Evangelical Union and Baptist churches, ornamental Episcopalian and Koman Catholic churches, 3 large public schools, and a free public library. Real property in 1880-81, 56,605. Pop. in 1833, 2209 ; in 1881, 12,435. The parish measures 6 miles by 4, and comprises 5625 acres in Selkirkshire and 2815 in Roxburghshire. Real property of landward parts in 1880-81, 4815 and 3197. Pop., quoad civilia, 9742; quoad sacra, 6347. The Gala traces the north-eastern boundary, and the Tweed runs between the Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire sections. The surface includes vales on the rivers, is elsewhere hilly, and culminates on Meigle Hill at an altitude of 1480 feet above sea-level. The seats are Gala House and Faldonside ; and the antiquities are two camps and traces of a Roman road. There are 9 schools for 1856 scholars, and 2 of them for 530 are new.
GALASHIELS AND PEEBLES RAILWAY, branch railway from North British main line at 1J mile north-west of Galashiels, 18$ miles westward to Peebles. It was formed subsequent to 1861, and belongs to the North British system.
GALASHIELS (WEST), quoad sacra parish with church in Galashiels. Pop. 3252
GALCANTRAY, place in Croy parish, Inverness-shire. It had anciently a chapel, and has now a public school.
GALDRY, village, 3| miles south-west of Newport, Fife.
GALLABERRY, eminence, with Roman fort, in Dryfesdale parish, Dumfriesshire.
GALLALA, rising ground, once a place of capital punishment, in Oxnam parish, Roxburghshire.
GALLAN, promontory between Loch Roag and Loch Reasort, on south-west coast of Lewis, Outer Hebrides.
GALLANGAD, glen, with fine cascade, in Kilmaronock parish, Dumbartonshire.
GALLARY, seat in Logiepert parish, Forfarshire.
GALLATOWN, northern suburb of Kirkcaldy, Fife. It extends northward from Sinclairtown, and has a Free church, and 2 public schools with about 140 scholars.
GALLOW, hill in Westray Island, Orkney.
GALLOWAY, district, now comprehending "Wigtonshire and Kirkcudbrightshire, but formerly including also parts of Ayrshire and Dumfriesshire. It gives the title of earl to a branch of the family of Stewart. Galloway House, the Earl's chief seat, stands about a mile south-south-east of Garlieston, and is a large edifice of last century.
GALLOWAY (MULL OF), promontory at south-western extremity of Scotland. It terminates the Rhinns of Galloway ; is 11mile long, 1J mile broad, and 575 feet high; and has a precipitous cavernous front, crowned by a lighthouse, with intermittent light visible at the distance of 23 nautical miles.
GALLOWAY (NEW), village on Ken river, 4J miles north-by-west of a railway station of its own name, and 19 miles north of Kirkcudbright. It ranks as a royal burgh, unites with Wigton, Stranraer, and Whithorn in sending a member to Parliament, and has a post office, with money order and telegraph departments, designated of Kirkcudbrightshire, a banking office, 2 hotels, a court-house, a five-arched bridge, Established, Free, and United Presbyterian churches, and a public school with about 103 scholars. Real property in 1880-81, 1048. Pop. 422.
GALLOWAY (RHINNS OF), western division of Wigtonshire. It comprises the peninsula west of Loch Ryan, the peninsula west of-Luce Bay, and the intermediate tract.
GALLOWBANK, elevated bank on Annan river, in Annan parish, Dumfriesshire. It was formerly a place of capital punishment, and it has an excellent sandstone quarry.
GALLOWBANK, brae on Garvock Hill, in Garvock parish, Kincardineshire. It was formerly a place of capital punishment.
GALLOWCAIRN, artificial mound, formerly a place of capital punishment, in Boyndie parish, Banff shire.
GALLOWDRUM, rising ground, formerly a place of capital punishment, in Clunie parish, Perthshire.
GALLOWFLAT,seat inRutherglen parish, Lanarkshire.
GALLOWFLAT, field, formerly a place of capital punishment, in Morton parish, Dumfriesshire.
