RONALDSHAY (NORTH), northernmost of the Orkney Islands. It commences 2 miles north of northernmost part of Sanday ; is separated from that island by a dangerous sound called North Ronaldshay Firth ; measures 4 miles in length, and fully 2 in greatest breadth ; is flat and rocky in its shores, and flat and low in its interior ; forms a quoad sacra parish ; and has a post office under Kirkwall, Established and Free churches, and a lighthouse with flashing light visible at the distance of 17 nautical miles. Real property in 1880-81, 858. Pop. 547.

RONALDSHAY (ST. MARY), quoad sacra parish in South Ronaldshay Island, Orkney. Pop. G95.

RONALDSHAY (SOUTH), island and parish in south-east of Orkney. The island extends northward from east end of Pentland Firth ; measures 8 miles in length, and mostly from 2 to 5^ miles in breadth ; includes in its coast three bold headlands, and two excellent natural harbours ; rises nowhere higher than about 300 feet above sea-level ; presents aggre-gately a productive and well-cultivated appearance ; contains the post office village of St. Margaret's Hope ; and has some large ancient standing-stones, numerous remains of Picts' houses, ruins or vestiges of 7 ancient chapels, 2 modern Established churches, a Free church, a United Presbyterian church, and 2 public schools. Pop. 2548. The parish contains also Burray, Hunda, and Swona Islands, and Pentland Skerries, and measures 13^ miles in length. Real property in 1880-81, 4254. Pop. 3314. Established, United Presbyterian, and Baptist churches are in Burray. Five schools for 659 scholars are in the parish, and 3 of them for 350 are new.

RONALDSON'S, ruined watch-tower on Kilninver coast, in Lorn, Argyleshire.

RONAVAL, mountain, 1502 feet high, in south of Harris, Outer Hebrides.

RONHEADS, fishing suburb of Peterhead, Aberdeenshire.

ROOST, tumult of tidal currents adjacent to Sumburgh Head, at southern extremity of Mainland, Shetland.

ROOST, foaming rapids between Eday and Sanday Islands, Orkney.

RORA, estate, with granite quarries and public school, in Longside parish, Aberdeenshire.

RORAY, headland in north-west of Hoy, Orkney.

ROSA, stream, traversing Glenrosa, in Arran Island, Buteshire.

ROSCOBIE, village, lime-works, and hill-ridge about 3^ miles north of Dunfermline, Fife.

ROSEBANK, quoad sacra parish in Dundee. Pop. 7954.

ROSEBANK, modern village on the Clyde in Dalserf parish, Lanarkshire.

ROSEBANK, seat in Rutherglen parish, Lanarkshire.

ROSEBANK, seat in Wick parish, Caithness.

ROSEBURN, handsome modern western suburb of Edinburgh. It has a Free church.

ROSEHALL, handsome recent suburb of Edinburgh. It has a United Presbyterian ornate church of 1880.

ROSEHALL, town in eastern vicinity of Coatbridge, Lanarkshire. It adjoins Whifflet railway station, and is largely engaged in mineral traffic. Pop. with Whifflet, 3829.

ROSEHALL, estate, with mansion 7 miles west-north-west of Invershin, on south border of Sutherland. It has a post office designated of Sutherlandshire, and a Free church.

ROSEHAUGH, seat in Avoch parish, Ross-shire.

ROSEHEARTY, fishing town, 4 miles west of Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire. It has a post office, with money order and telegraph departments, under Fraserburgh, a banking office, a Free church, a United Presbyterian church, and a public school with about 227 scholars. Pop. 1404.

ROSEISLE, eminence and estate in Duffus parish, Elginshire.

ROSEISLEHAUGH, estate in Duffus parish, Elginshire.

ROSEMARKIE, village and parish on east coast of Ross-shire. The village stands about mile north-north-east of Chanonry, was made a royal burgh by Alexander IL, became united with Chanonry to constitute the town and burgh of Fortrose, is identical in industries and institutions with that town, 10J miles north-north-east of Inverness, and has a post office under Inverness. Pop. 301. The parish extends about 6 miles along the coast, and has a mean breadth of between 2 and 3 miles. Real property of landward part in 1880-81, 4561. Pop., quoad civilia, 1357; quoad sacra, 865. The coast is bold, rocky, cavernous, and romantic ; and the interior makes a gradual ascent, includes part of the Mullbuy, and presents a very agreeable appearance. A chief residence is Raddery, and chief antiquities are Rosemarkie Cross, and an artificial mound called Court Hill. The churches are 2 Established, 1 Free, 1 Baptist, and 1 Episcopalian. There are 3 schools for 325 scholars, and 1 of them for 130 is new.

ROSEMOUNT, quoad sacra parish in Aberdeen. It has a post office, with money order department, under Aberdeen. Pop. 8263.

ROSENEATH, village and peninsulated parish in extreme west of Dumbartonshire. The village stands on Gare Loch, opposite Row Point, 3J miles west-north-west of Helensburgh, is a small charming watering-place, includes some handsome villas, and has a post office, with money order and telegraph departments, under Helensburgh, a steamboat pier, Established and Free churches, and a public school with about 82 scholars. The parish contains also Kilcreggan, Craigrownie, Cove, Coulport, Clynder, and Rahane villages, and part of Garelochhead. Its length is about 7 miles ; its greatest breadth 3f miles ; its area 8461 acres. Real property in 1880-81, 22,074. Pop., quoad civilia, 1994; quoad sacra, 1901. The eastern boundary is all Gare Loch down to its mouth at Roseneath Point ; the southern boundary is Firth of Clyde from that westward to Craigrownie ; the western boundary is Loch Long from its mouth up to vicinity of Loch Goil ; and the northern boundary is an isthmus of about a mile from Loch Long eastward to head of Gare Loch. The coast is variously sandy, sloping, and rocky ; exhibits, over much of its aggregate, a fine display of hand-some villages, villas, and ornate cottages ; and includes, on the lower part of Gare Loch, the singularly good anchoring-place of Campsaile Bay. The southern part of the interior is a mixture of slope, swell, and dingle, contains Roseneath Castle, and has much embellishment ; the middle and northern parts are chiefly a hill-ridge, culminating at 530 feet above sea-level, and commanding exquisite views ; and the whole belonged, till the latter part of 15th century, to the Earls of Lennox, and passed then to the noble family of Argyle. Roseneath Castle, a seat of the Duke of Argyle, stands near the site of an ancient fortalice refitted as a noble residence in 1630, and destroyed by accidental fire in 1802; and it was erected in 1803-6, is in a mixed style of Gothic, Roman, and Italian, and has ornate offices and splendid grounds. The ancient fortalice is said to have been captured by Sir William Wallace ; and a tract adjacent to it figures strongly, but quite out of character with its true topography, in Sir Walter Scott's Heart of Midlothian. The churches are 4 Established, 2 Free, and 2 United Presbyterian ; and there are 3 public schools with about 317 scholars.