GIRVAN AND STRANRAER RAILWAY, railway from junction with Glasgow and South-Western system at Girvan southward to junction with Castle-Douglas and PortPatrick Railway, Cf miles east of Stranraer. It was commenced in 1871 ; it encountered many unforeseen obstructions to its formation ; it was undertaken on a capital of 250,000 in shares and 83,000 in loans, but required nearly 200,000 additional to carry it forward ; and it was not completed till 1877. The land for it cost, on the average, about 1500 a mile ; the cuttings and embankments, especially in the first 8 miles, proved exceedingly heavy ; a treacherous bog, in another part, occasioned vast labour to secure foothold ; compact rock, in several parts, occasioned stiff courses of boring ; and the bridges, though generally small, yet by their large total of 103, involved great aggregate of work. Only a single line of rails was laid, but provision was everywhere made for a double line. The railway starts from Girvan in a south-westerly direction, traverses for some miles the valley of the Stinchar, ascends the vale of the Dhuisk, strikes into and descends the vale of Cross Water of Luce, and passes into and descends the main valley of the Luce.
GIRVAN (SOUTH), quoad sacra parish with church in Girvan. Pop. 2649.
GLACK, hill-pass, traversed by Dundee and Newtyle Railway, in Newtyle parish, Forfarshire.
GLACK, estate in Daviot parish, Aberdeenshire.
GLACKHARNIS, long deep narrow hill-pass in Aberlour parish, Banffshire.
GLACKINGDALINE, bay, with high steep rock, crowned by ruined Scandinavian castle, in Ulva Island, Argyleshire.
GLADEFIELD, seat in Kincardine parish, Ross-shire.
GLADHOUSE, rivulet, bisecting Temple parish, 8 miles northward to the South Esk, at 5| miles south-east of Dalkeith, Edinburghshire.
GLADNEY.
GLADSMUIR, village and parish in Had-dingfconshire. The village stands 4 miles west-by-south of Haddington, and has a post office under Tranent, a parochial church, and a public school with about 78 scholars. The parish contains also the villages of Pension, Macmerry, Longniddry, and Samuelston, and is bounded for about a mile by Firth of Forth. Its length is 4J miles ; its greatest breadth 3f miles ; its area 7043 acres. Real property in 1880-81, 17,886. Pop. 1747. The coast is rocky, and the interior rises gently thence and from the Tyne to a central low ridge. Coal and iron-ore abound, and are largely worked. Limestone also is found, and has been worked. The seats are Redcoll, Elvingston, and Southfield; and the chief antiquities are re-mains and sites of several old mansions. There are 4 schools with accommodation for 371 scholars.
GLAIDNEY, suburb of Ceres, Fife.
GLAISSEAN, lake in Glassary parish, Argyleshire.
GLAITNESS, place in Kirkwall parish, Orkney. It has a public school with about 157 scholars.
GLAMAIG, lofty mountain on south side of Loch Sligichan, Isle of Skye.
GLAMMIS, village, noble mansion, and parish in south-west of Forfarshire. The village stands 1| mile south-east of railway station of its own name, at 27 miles north-east of Perth ; has a post office designated of Forfarshire, a banking office, an inn, a public hall, a neat parochial church, an Episcopalian mission, and a public school with about 191 scholars ; and gives the title of baron to the Earl of Strathmore. Pop. 345. The mansion, Glammis Castle, stands in the northern vicinity of the village ; is the seat of the Earl of Strathmore ; has association with Shakespeare's view of the thanedom of Macbeth ; was once a royal palace, and the death-place of Malcolm II. ; stands within a mile of three ancient obelisks thought to be commemorative of Malcolm's death ; was given by the crown in 1372 to an ancestor of the Earl of Strathmore ; went back to the crown in 1537 on account of Lady Glammis' execution for alleged witchcraft, but was restored to her son ; is an imposing pile of ancient and modern portions, with numerous turrets and lofty central tower; and contains a number of interesting ancient curiosities. The parish contains also the villages of Charleston, Newton, Milton, Thornton, Drumgley, Grasshouses, and Arnifoul. Its length is 7 miles ; its greatest breadth 4| miles ; its area 14,347 acres. Real property in 1880-81, 16,001. Pop. 1631. The northern section is an undulated portion of Strathmore ; the central section rises gently thence to summits of the Sidlaws, from 500 to 700 feet high ; and the southern section consists of loftier Sidlaws intersected by Ogilvie and Denoon glens. The antiquities include two small circular moats, remains of a hill-fort, and sites of three extinct castles. There are 4 schools for 383 scholars, and 1 of them includes a recent enlargement for 165.
